Σάββατο 28 Σεπτεμβρίου 2013

ScienceDaily: Top Health News

ScienceDaily: Top Health News

Survival after cancer diagnosis strongly associated with governments spending on health care

Posted: 27 Sep 2013 03:31 PM PDT

The more an EU (European Union) national government spends on health, the fewer the deaths after a cancer diagnosis in that country, according to new research.

New medical device extremely effective at preventing HIV in women

Posted: 27 Sep 2013 09:35 AM PDT

An intravaginal ring effectively delivers HIV-preventing drugs for one month.

Cell powerhouses shape one's risk of heart disease

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 05:44 PM PDT

Genes in mitochondria, the "powerhouses" that turn sugar into energy in human cells, shape each person's risk for heart disease and diabetes.

In prostate cancer prognosis, telomere length may matter

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 05:11 PM PDT

Like the plastic caps at the end of shoelaces, telomeres protect — in their case — the interior-gene containing parts of chromosomes that carry a cell's instructional material. Cancer cells are known to have short telomeres, but just how short they are from cancer cell to cancer cell may be a determining factor in a prostate cancer patient's prognosis.

Mucus useful in treating IBD, ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 11:31 AM PDT

Researchers foresee a day when mucus could be manufactured and given to sick people to help them fight inflammation and increase immunity. For the first time ever, they report that mucus in the large intestine provides a valuable anti-inflammatory and self-regulating immune function.

Scientists discover important wound-healing process

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 10:16 AM PDT

Scientists have discovered an important process by which special immune cells in the skin help heal wounds. They found that these skin-resident immune cells function as "first responders" to skin injuries in part by producing the molecule known as interleukin-17A, which wards off infection and promotes wound healing.

Pan-cancer studies find common patterns shared by different tumor types

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 10:16 AM PDT

Molecular analysis now shows that cancers of different organs have many shared features, while cancers from the same organ or tissue are often quite distinct. The Pan-Cancer Initiative, a major effort to analyze the molecular aberrations in cancer cells across a range of tumor types, has yielded an abundance of new findings.

Folic acid deficiency can affect the health of great, great grandchildren

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 09:34 AM PDT

A study reveals that a mutation in a gene necessary for the metabolism of folic acid not only impacts the immediate offspring but can also have detrimental health effects on the next several generations.

'Jekyll-and-Hyde' protein offers a new route to cancer drugs

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 09:34 AM PDT

The mood changes of a 'Jekyll-and-Hyde' protein, which sometimes boosts tumour cell growth and at other times suppresses it, have been explained in a new study.

Made to order at the synapse: Dynamics of protein synthesis at neuron tip

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 09:34 AM PDT

Protein synthesis in nerve cell dendrites underlies long-term memory formation in the brain, among other functions. Knowing how proteins are made to order at the synapse can help researchers better understand how memories are made. RNA translation is dictated by translational hotspots, where translation is occurring in a ribosome at any one time in a discrete spot.

Key cellular mechanism in body's 'battery' can either spur or stop obesity

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 09:33 AM PDT

Becoming obese or remaining lean can depend on the dynamics of the mitochondria, the body's energy-producing "battery," according to two new studies.

Study of 'sister' stem cells uncovers new cancer clue

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 09:33 AM PDT

Scientists have used a brand new technique for examining individual stem cells to uncover dramatic differences in the gene expression levels -- which genes are turned 'up' or 'down'-- between apparently identical 'sister' pairs. The research provides the latest evidence that despite having identical DNA, sister stem cells can display considerable differences in their molecular characteristics.

Newly identified antibodies effectively treat Alzheimer's-like disease in mice

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 09:33 AM PDT

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation of particular toxic proteins in the brain that are believed to underlie the cognitive decline in patients. A new study conducted in mice suggests that newly identified antibody treatments can prevent the accumulation of one of these of these toxic components, called tau proteins. The findings suggest that these antibodies may provide a basis for a promising therapy for patients with Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

Patient's own cells might be used as treatment for Parkinson's disease

Posted: 26 Sep 2013 09:33 AM PDT

Studies in rodents have suggested that the body may mount an immune response and destroy cells derived from iPSCs. New research in monkeys refutes these findings, suggesting that in primates like us, such cells will not be rejected by the immune system. In the paper iPSCs from nonhuman primates successfully developed into the neurons depleted by Parkinson's disease while eliciting only a minimal immune response. The cells therefore could hold promise for successful transplantation in humans.
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