Παρασκευή 21 Σεπτεμβρίου 2012

Science News SciGuru.com

Science News SciGuru.com

Link to Science News from SciGuru.com

Money Key Factor in Driving Med Students From Primary Care Careers

Posted: 21 Sep 2012 07:34 AM PDT

Primary care physicians are at the heart of health care in the United States, and are often the first to diagnose patients and ensure those patients receive the care they need. But researchers from North Carolina State University, East Carolina University (ECU) and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University in New York have found that many students are choosing to pass up a career in primary care because those physicians make substantially less money than specialists, such as dermatologists or radiologists.

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Unusual symbiosis discovered among marine microorganisms

Posted: 21 Sep 2012 07:25 AM PDT

An international team of scientists from France, Germany and the USA have discovered an unusual symbiosis between tiny single-celled algae and highly specialised bacteria, the first symbiotic relationship known between these types of organisms. Their partnership plays an important role in marine ecosystems, fertilizing the oceans by taking nitrogen from the atmosphere and "fixing" it into a form that other organisms can use.

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Locusts move in swarms to avoid falling victim to their conspecifics

Posted: 21 Sep 2012 07:15 AM PDT

It may soon be easier to combat locust plagues. An international research team including members from the Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems clarified further details of how these insects, which are actually solitary creatures, form swarms. Especially in Africa, the masses of locusts repeatedly destroy large portions of harvests. As the working group discovered in a computer simulation, cannibalism, which is common among locusts, causes the insects to move across the land in swarms once a certain population density is reached.

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Scientists uncover mechanism by which plants inherit epigenetic modifications

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 12:29 PM PDT

During embryonic development in humans and other mammals, sperm and egg cells are essentially wiped clean of chemical modifications to DNA called epigenetic marks. They are then held in reserve to await fertilization.

In flowering plants the scenario is dramatically different. Germ cells don’t even appear until the post-embryonic period – sometimes not until many years later. When they do appear, only some epigenetic marks are wiped away; some remain, carried over from prior generations – although until now little was known about how or to what extent.

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Research uncovers path to defect-free thin films

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 11:06 AM PDT

A team led by Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Ho Nyung Lee has discovered a strain relaxation phenomenon in cobaltites that has eluded researchers for decades and may lead to advances in fuel cells, magnetic sensors and a host of energy-related materials.

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Nutrient in Eggs and Meat May Influence Gene Expression from Infancy to Adulthood

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 11:00 AM PDT

Just as women are advised to get plenty of folic acid around the time of conception and throughout early pregnancy, new research suggests another very similar nutrient may one day deserve a spot on the obstetrician’s list of recommendations.  

Consuming greater amounts of choline – a nutrient found in eggs and meat – during pregnancy may lower an infant’s vulnerability to stress-related illnesses, such as mental health disturbances, and chronic conditions, like hypertension, later in life.

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Treating Disease by the Numbers

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 10:56 AM PDT

Mathematical modeling being tested by researchers at the School of Science at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI) and the IU School of Medicine has the potential to impact the knowledge and treatment of several diseases that continue to challenge scientists across the world.

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As Prescription Painkiller Overdoses Mount, Researchers Outline Effective Approaches to Curb Epidemic

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 10:53 AM PDT

Prescription painkillers are responsible for more fatal overdoses in the United States than heroin and cocaine combined. And while most states have programs to curb abuse and addiction, a new report from Brandeis University shows that many states do not fully analyze the data they collect.

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Walking to the Beat Could Help Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 10:49 AM PDT

Walking to a beat could be useful for patients needing rehabilitation, according to a University of Pittsburgh study.

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DNA analysis aids in classifying single-celled algae

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 10:45 AM PDT

For nearly 260 years -- since Carl Linnaeus developed his system of naming plants and animals -- researchers classified species based on visual attributes like color, shape and size. In the past few decades, researchers found that sequencing DNA can more accurately identify species. A group of single-celled algae -- Symbiodinum -- that live inside corals and are critical to their survival -- are only now being separated into species using DNA analysis, according to biologists.

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Astrochemistry Enters a Bold New Era with ALMA

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 09:20 AM PDT

Combining the cutting-edge capabilities of the ALMA telescope with newly-developed laboratory techniques, scientists are opening a completely new era for deciphering the chemistry of the Universe. A research team demonstrated their breakthrough using ALMA data from observations of the gas in a star-forming region in the constellation Orion.

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'Psychopaths' have an impaired sense of smell

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 08:16 AM PDT

People with psychopathic tendencies have an impaired sense of smell, which points to inefficient processing in the front part of the brain. These findings by Mehmet Mahmut and Richard Stevenson, from Macquarie University in Australia, are published online in Springer's journal Chemosensory Perception.

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Biologists Gain New Insight into Migrating Cells

Posted: 20 Sep 2012 08:11 AM PDT

At any given moment, millions of cells are on the move in the human body, typically on their way to aid in immune response, make repairs, or provide some other benefit to the structures around them. When the migration process goes wrong, however, the results can include tumor formation and metastatic cancer. Little has been known about how cell migration actually works, but now, with the help of some tiny worms, researchers at the California Institute of Technology (Caltech) have gained new insight into this highly complex task.

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