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| NEWSLETTER - JULY 31 |
| Before you look at today's web page, see if you can answer some of these questions about the events that happened on July 31. Some of the names are very familiar. Others will likely stump you. Tickle your curiosity with these questions, then check your answers on today's web page. |
| Quotations for Today |
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| QUIZ |
| Births |
| Theobald Smith, born 31 Jul 1859, was an American microbiologist and pathologist who discovered the causes of several infectious and parasitic diseases. He is often considered the greatest American bacteriologist. In 1892 he linked Texas cattle fever with a protozoan parasite spread by blood-sucking arthropods. At the time, many scientists were skeptical that disease would be spread by bloodsucking insects. However, the precedent was established for other scientists to make links in cases of other diseases spread by insects. Which insect did Smith identify in the spread of Texas Cattle Fever? |
| Friedrich Wöhler, born 31 Jul 1800, was a German chemist who co-discovered a new element. Having studied first medicine, then mineralogy, it was chemistry that became his primary interest. He found a method in 1827 for the production of metallic aluminum in the form of a grey powder by heating aluminum chloride with potassium. In 1828, he succeeded in the isolation of beryllium as a black-grey powder as well as of yttrium and (1856) crystalline silicon. His is most well-known for the synthesis of urea from ammonium cyanate (1828), which created an organic compound from an inorganic one, showing there was no absolute distinction between the two areas of chemical study. In 1862, he produced acetylene from calcium carbide. Not named above, can you identify the new element he co-discovered? |
| Deaths |
| Francis Edgar Stanley (1849-1918) was an American inventor, who with his twin brother Freeman, were famous manufacturers of automobiles. Francis previously had invented a photographic dry-plate process (1883), and as the Stanley Dry Plate Company the brothers had engaged in the manufacturing of the plates. They sold the company to Eastman Kodak in 1905, as their interest had turned to automobiles. At racing events, they often competed successfully against gasoline powered cars. What powered Stanley cars? |
| Events |
| On 31 July 1790, the first U.S. patent was granted to Samuel Hopkins of Vermont for a process for making potash and pearl ashes. Potash was used as an ingredient in soap and fertilizer. The patent was granted for a term of 14 years and signed by George Washington. What patent number was on this patent? |
| Answers |
| When you have your answers ready to all the questions above, you'll find all the information to check them, and more, on the July 31 web page of Today in Science History. Or, try this link first for just the brief answers. |
| Fast answers for the previous newsletter for July 30: Iconoscope, forerunner of the TV camera; Henry Ford; seismograph; William and John Kellogg; Winton Motor Car Company. |
| Feedback |
| If you enjoy this newsletter, the website, or wish to offer encouragement or ideas, please write. |
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