Σάββατο 28 Ιουλίου 2012

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News


Martian polygons and deep-sea polygons on Earth: More evidence for ancient Martian oceans?

Posted: 27 Jul 2012 02:19 PM PDT

Debate over the origin of large-scale polygons (hundreds of meters to kilometers in diameter) on Mars remains active even after several decades of detailed observations. Similarity in geometric patterns on Mars and Earth has long captured the imagination. Geologists have examined these large-scale polygons and compared them to similar features on Earth's seafloor, which they believe may have formed via similar processes.

Scientists use microbes to make 'clean' methane

Posted: 27 Jul 2012 11:45 AM PDT

Microbes that convert electricity into methane gas could become an important source of renewable energy, according to scientists. Researchers are raising colonies of microorganisms, called methanogens, which have the remarkable ability to turn electrical energy into pure methane -- the key ingredient in natural gas. The scientists' goal is to create large microbial factories that will transform clean electricity from solar, wind or nuclear power into renewable methane fuel and other valuable chemical compounds for industry.

Laser achieves world record power at one pulse per second

Posted: 27 Jul 2012 08:12 AM PDT

The laser system for BELLA, the Berkeley Lab Laser Accelerator, has delivered a petawatt of power -- a quadrillion watts -- in a pulse just 40 femtoseconds long -- a quadrillionth of a second -- at one pulse per second. No other laser system has achieved this peak power at this pulse rate. BELLA's laser should soon be driving electron beams to 10-billion-electron-volt energies in an accelerator just one meter long.

Nano-FTIR: A new era in modern analytical chemistry

Posted: 27 Jul 2012 08:12 AM PDT

Nanoscience researchers have developed a new instrument that solves a prime question of materials science and nanotechnology: how to chemically identify materials at the nanometer scale.

Bio-inspired nanoantennas for light emission

Posted: 27 Jul 2012 08:11 AM PDT

Just as radio antennas amplify the signals of our mobile phones and televisions, the same principle can apply to light. For the first time, researchers have succeeded in producing a nanoantenna from short strands of DNA, two gold nanoparticles and a small fluorescent molecule that captures and emits light. This work could in the longer term lead to the development of more efficient light-emitting diodes, more compact solar cells or even be used in quantum cryptography.

'Diving board' sensors key to DNA detection

Posted: 27 Jul 2012 08:11 AM PDT

A tiny vibrating cantilever sensor could soon help doctors and field clinicians quickly detect harmful toxins, bacteria and even indicators of certain types of cancer from small samples of blood or urine. Researchers are in the process of refining a sensor technology that they developed to measure samples at the cellular level into an accurate method for quickly detecting traces of DNA in liquid samples.

Turbulences at a standstill

Posted: 27 Jul 2012 06:55 AM PDT

Energy flowing from large-scale to small-scale places may be prevented from flowing freely in specific conditions. For one theoretical physicists, devising models of chaos and turbulence is his bread and butter. He has found an exception in a model of turbulence, indicating that there are energy flows from large to small scale in confined space.

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