ScienceDaily: Latest Science News

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• How cancer cells avoid cell death
• Sloth bear cub debuts at the Smithsonian's National Zoo: Hank is the zoo's first sloth bear cub in seven years
• Changes in cell shape may lead to metastasis, not the other way around
• Alzheimer's disease protein controls movement in mice
• Scientists solve riddle of strangely behaving magnetic material
• Beyond silicon: Transistors without semiconductors
• Fighting infectious disease the modern way - with robots
• Potentially life-saving cooling treatment rarely used for in-hospital cardiac arrests
• When green algae run out of air: Single cell organisms need haemoglobin to survive in an oxygen-free environment
• Why closely related species do not eat the same things
• Compound enhances SSRI antidepressant's effects in mice
• Two-dimensional atomically-flat transistors show promise for next generation green electronics
• Graphene-based system could lead to improved information processing
• New method 700 times faster than the norm for magnifying digital images
• Help for African rhino poaching survivors
• Blockade in cellular waste disposal: Scientists show how protein aggregates disrupt the molecular balance of the cell
• Are Dogs 'Kids?': Owner-dog relationships share striking similarities to parent-child relationships
• Building operating system provides brain for smarter cities
• Scientists discover previously unknown requirement for brain development: Brain requires thalamic input as well as genetics
• A cheaper drive to 'cool' fuels
• Solitary mutation destroys key 'window' of brain development
• Clot-buster trial reveals long-term benefits for stroke patients
• Daily iron during pregnancy linked to improved birth weight
• Emergency helicopter airlifts help the seriously injured
• Stress from 9/11 linked to nationwide resurgence in smoking among Americans who had quit
• Bacterial DNA may integrate into human genome more readily in tumor tissue
• Huge falls in diabetes mortality in UK and Canada since mid-1990s
• 'Good' bacteria can battle 'bad' bacteria in eye infections
• Climate change to shrink bison, profit
• New gene involved in obesity: Link between telomeres and obesity discovered
• Why our prehistoric, parasitic 'jumping' genes don't send us into meltdown
• Elevated gluten antibodies found in children with autism

How cancer cells avoid cell death Posted: 21 Jun 2013 11:18 AM PDT A new study provides an important new insight into how cancer cells are able to avoid the cell death process. The findings may suggest a chemotherapeutic approach to prevent the spread of cancers.

Sloth bear cub debuts at the Smithsonian's National Zoo: Hank is the zoo's first sloth bear cub in seven years Posted: 21 Jun 2013 11:17 AM PDT The daring and adventurous sloth bear cub, Hank, made his public debut at the Smithsonian's National Zoo this week. He is the first sloth bear born at the Zoo in seven years.

Changes in cell shape may lead to metastasis, not the other way around Posted: 21 Jun 2013 11:16 AM PDT Development of skin cancer may require changes in the genes that control cell shape, report a team of scientists. The work could lead to a better understanding of how the cells become metastatic.

Alzheimer's disease protein controls movement in mice Posted: 21 Jun 2013 10:26 AM PDT Researchers have revealed that a protein well known for its role in Alzheimer's disease controls spindle development in muscle and leads to impaired movement in mice when the protein is absent or treated with inhibitors.

Scientists solve riddle of strangely behaving magnetic material Posted: 21 Jun 2013 09:10 AM PDT Materials scientists have found an accurate way to explain the magnetic properties of a lanthanum-cobalt-oxygen compound that has mystified the scientific community for decades.

Beyond silicon: Transistors without semiconductors Posted: 21 Jun 2013 09:10 AM PDT Scientists have built a nanoscale transistor that works at room temperature. The device, only 20 nanometers wide, is made of gold quantum dots mounted on boron nitride nanotubes.

Fighting infectious disease the modern way - with robots Posted: 21 Jun 2013 09:10 AM PDT Hospitals are synonymous with cleanliness and now an academic medical center is taking disinfection to futuristic levels. Nicknamed "little Joe" a 3-foot upright cylindrical robots provide the finishing touches to room sanitation. A rotating telescopic head emits cidal ultraviolet (UV) rays for 15 minutes in closed, unoccupied rooms to systematically kill germs dead.

Potentially life-saving cooling treatment rarely used for in-hospital cardiac arrests Posted: 21 Jun 2013 07:44 AM PDT Therapeutic hypothermia is rarely being used in patients who suffer cardiac arrest while in the hospital, despite its proven potential to improve survival and neurological function, researchers report.

When green algae run out of air: Single cell organisms need haemoglobin to survive in an oxygen-free environment Posted: 21 Jun 2013 07:43 AM PDT When green algae "can't breathe," they get rid of excess energy through the production of hydrogen. Biologists have found out how the cells notice the absence of oxygen. For this, they need the messenger molecule nitric oxide and the protein haemoglobin, which is commonly known from red blood cells of humans.

Why closely related species do not eat the same things Posted: 21 Jun 2013 07:43 AM PDT Closely related species consume the same resources less often than more remotely related species. In fact, it is the competition for resources, and not their kinship, which determines the food sources of the species of a community. Under the effect of this competition, closely related species have specialized on different food resources.

Compound enhances SSRI antidepressant's effects in mice Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:57 AM PDT A synthetic compound is able to turn off "secondary" vacuum cleaners in the brain that take up serotonin, resulting in the "happy" chemical being more plentiful, scientists have discovered. Their study points to novel targets to treat depression.

Two-dimensional atomically-flat transistors show promise for next generation green electronics Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:57 AM PDT Researchers have demonstrated the first n-type field effect transistors on monolayer tungsten diselenide with excellent performance.

Graphene-based system could lead to improved information processing Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:56 AM PDT Researchers have proposed a new system that combines ferroelectric materials -- the kind often used for data storage -- with graphene, a two-dimensional form of carbon known for its exceptional electronic and mechanical properties. The resulting hybrid technology could eventually lead to computer and data-storage chips that pack more components in a given area and are faster and less power-hungry.

New method 700 times faster than the norm for magnifying digital images Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:55 AM PDT Scientists have developed new methods for improving two of the most widespread means used in digital image processing: magnification and thresholding. The new algorithm to magnify images stands out not only due to the quality obtained but also due to the time it takes to execute, which is 700 times less than other existing methods that obtain the same quality.

Help for African rhino poaching survivors Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:55 AM PDT In Africa hundreds of rhinos are shot or immobilised by poachers every year to supply ground up horn for the Asian medicine market. It is reputed to make men virile and treat anything from stomach ache to cancer - all just a myth.

Blockade in cellular waste disposal: Scientists show how protein aggregates disrupt the molecular balance of the cell Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:55 AM PDT Proteins can only perform their complex functions in the cell when they assume a specific three-dimensional structure for each respective task. Because misfolded proteins are often toxic, they are immediately refolded or degraded. Scientists have now shown in the yeast model that specific protein aggregates block an important degradation pathway for defective proteins – and thus disrupt the fragile molecular balance of the cell.

Are Dogs 'Kids?': Owner-dog relationships share striking similarities to parent-child relationships Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:55 AM PDT People have an innate need to establish close relationships with other people. But this natural bonding behavior is not confined to humans: many animals also seem to need relationships with others of their kind. For domesticated animals the situation is even more complex and pets may enter deep relationships not only with conspecifics but also with their owners. Scientists have investigated the bond between dogs and their owners and have found striking similarities to the parent-child relationship in humans.

Building operating system provides brain for smarter cities Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:53 AM PDT A new digital building operating system integrates all building operating systems into one, easy-to-use cockpit control interface for desktops and portable devices.

Scientists discover previously unknown requirement for brain development: Brain requires thalamic input as well as genetics Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:53 AM PDT Scientists have demonstrated that sensory regions in the brain develop in a fundamentally different way than previously thought, a finding that may yield new insights into visual and neural disorders.

A cheaper drive to 'cool' fuels Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:53 AM PDT Chemists have developed an inexpensive catalyst that uses the electricity generated from solar energy to convert carbon dioxide into synthetic fuels.

Solitary mutation destroys key 'window' of brain development Posted: 21 Jun 2013 06:53 AM PDT Scientists have shown in animal models that brain damage caused by the loss of a single copy of a gene during very early childhood development can cause a lifetime of behavioral and intellectual problems.

Clot-buster trial reveals long-term benefits for stroke patients Posted: 20 Jun 2013 06:40 PM PDT Patients given a clot-busting drug within six hours of a stroke are more likely to have a long-lasting recovery than those who do not receive the treatment, new research has found.

Daily iron during pregnancy linked to improved birth weight Posted: 20 Jun 2013 06:40 PM PDT Taking iron daily during pregnancy is associated with a significant increase in birth weight and a reduction in risk of low birth weight, finds a new study.

Emergency helicopter airlifts help the seriously injured Posted: 20 Jun 2013 06:40 PM PDT Patients transferred to hospital via helicopter ambulance tend to have a higher survival rate than those who take the more traditional road route, despite having more severe injuries. The research suggests that air ambulances are both effective and worthy of investment.

Stress from 9/11 linked to nationwide resurgence in smoking among Americans who had quit Posted: 20 Jun 2013 04:20 PM PDT The 9/11 attacks on America appear to have caused about one million former smokers across the country to take up the habit again and maintain it, according to a public health study.

Bacterial DNA may integrate into human genome more readily in tumor tissue Posted: 20 Jun 2013 04:20 PM PDT Bacterial DNA may integrate into the human genome more readily in tumors than in normal human tissue, according to a new study. Researchers analyzed genomic sequencing data available from the Human Genome Project, the 1,000 Genomes Project and The Cancer Genome Atlas. They considered the phenomenon of lateral gene transfer, the transmission of genetic material between organisms in the absence of sex.

Huge falls in diabetes mortality in UK and Canada since mid-1990s Posted: 20 Jun 2013 04:20 PM PDT Both the UK and Canada have experienced huge falls in diabetes-related mortality since the mid-1990s, with the result that the gap in mortality risk between those with and without diabetes has narrowed substantially.

'Good' bacteria can battle 'bad' bacteria in eye infections Posted: 20 Jun 2013 04:19 PM PDT Like animal predators attacking their prey, some bacteria consume and kill other bacteria. Scientists report progress in putting predator microbes to work, attacking antibiotic resistant bacteria that cause infections that lead to blindness.

Climate change to shrink bison, profit Posted: 20 Jun 2013 04:19 PM PDT A researcher finds that during the next 50 years, future generations of bison will be smaller in size and weigh less. Climate is likely to reduce the nutritional quality of grasses, causing the animals to grow more slowly.

New gene involved in obesity: Link between telomeres and obesity discovered Posted: 20 Jun 2013 10:25 AM PDT The discovery of an unexpected function for a gene that was associated to another process in the organism might be a solution in search of a problem, a clue to unsuspected connections. That is what has happened with RAP1, a gene that protects telomeres -- the ends of chromosomes -- after researchers surprisingly discovered its key role in obesity.

Why our prehistoric, parasitic 'jumping' genes don't send us into meltdown Posted: 20 Jun 2013 10:22 AM PDT A new study reveals for the first time how the movement and duplication of segments of DNA known as transposons, is regulated. This prevents a genomic meltdown, and instead enables transposons to live in harmony with their hosts — including humans.

Elevated gluten antibodies found in children with autism Posted: 20 Jun 2013 10:21 AM PDT Elevated antibodies to gluten proteins of wheat found in children with autism in comparison to those without autism. Results from a new study also indicated an association between the elevated antibodies and the presence of gastrointestinal symptoms in the affected children. They did not find any connection, however, between the elevated antibodies and celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder known to be triggered by gluten.

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