Πέμπτη 24 Ιανουαρίου 2013

Newsletter for Thursday 24 January

 

Newsletter - January 24 - Today in Science History  

TODAY IN SCIENCE HISTORY
 NEWSLETTER - JANUARY 24

Before you look at today's web page, see if you can answer some of these questions about the events that happened on this day. Some of the names are very familiar. Others will likely stump you. Tickle your curiosity with these questions, then check your answers on today's web page.
Noble GasesOn 24 Jan 1872, Morris William Travers was born, who discovered the element krypton. Today's Science Store pick is Noble Gases, by Isaac Asimov. This is one of your webmaster's favorite books, since the discovery, nature and uses of all these almost chemically inert elements are presented in Asimov's well-known highly-readable style. It makes a fascinating and informative read, and is highly recommended for your bookshelf. Although published in 1966, this gem remains available Used from $5.00 (as of time of writing).
Yesterday's pick: The Road to Stockholm: Nobel Prizes, Science, and Scientists
For picks from earlier newsletters, see the Today in Science Science Store home page.
Quotations for Today
"Economic predictions are in principle inconsistent, because they cause agents to act in a different way from that predicted." - Oskar Morganstern, economist-mathematician who created "game theory" (born 24 Jan 1902)

"When the ancients were amusing themselves by demonstrating the properties of the sections of the cone, they little thought what aid their investigations would afford the future astronomer. So the chemists, who discovered the latent heat of steam and the specific caloric of atmospheric air, could hardly be aware that from their discoveries would soon arise a theory of meteorology, explaining so many atmospheric phenomena." - James Pollard Espy, American meteorologist who explained cloud formation and growth using thermodynamics (died  24 Jan 1860) (source)

"It appears ... as if the difference between sense and nonsense material were not nearly as great as one would be inclined a priori to imagine. At least I found in this case of learning by heart a few cantos from Byron's 'Don Juan' no greater range of distribution of the separate measure than in the case of a series of nonsense syllables in the learning of which an approximately equal time had been spent." (1885) - Hermann Ebbinghaus, German psychologist (born 24 Jan 1850)

QUIZ
Births
Morris William Travers, born 24 Jan 1872, was an English chemist who, while working with Sir William Ramsay in London, discovered the element krypton (30 May 1898). Its name derives from the Greek word for "hidden."
How did Travers discover krypton?
Deaths
Charles Glen King (1896-1988) was a biochemist who isolated ascorbic acid from lemon juice after five years of painstaking research (1932). 
What is the commonly used name of ascorbic acid?
Heinrich Geissler (1815-1879) was a German glassblower for whom the Geissler (mercury) pump is named. With the unprecedented (1/100 mm of mercury) low vacuum he produced another valuable tool for early physicists.
What is this tool, also known by his name?
Events
On 24 Jan of a certain year, Boyd Rush, 58, received the heart of a chimpanzee in the world's first heart transplant operation performed by Dr. James D. Hardy at the Jackson University Hospital, Miss. He survived for three hours.
In which decade did this transplant take place?
On 24 Jan 1986, an American space probe made its first fly-by of Uranus at a distance of 50,679 miles (81,593 km) from the planet, taking dozens of photographs, and finding new moons.
What is the name of this spacecraft?
Answers
When you have your answers ready to all the questions above, you'll find all the information to check them, and more, on the January 24 web page of Today in Science History.

Or, try this link first for just the brief answers.
 

Fast answers for the previous newsletter for January 23: He analyzed the spreading of seismic waves with shallow depths through the Earth; microscope; Voyager; Marianas Trench; Marie Curie.
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