Τετάρτη 23 Ιανουαρίου 2013

Newsletter for Wednesday 23 January

 

Newsletter - January 23 - Today in Science History  

TODAY IN SCIENCE HISTORY
 NEWSLETTER - JANUARY 23

Before you look at today's web page, see if you can answer some of these questions about the events that happened on this day. Some of the names are very familiar. Others will likely stump you. Tickle your curiosity with these questions, then check your answers on today's web page.
The Road to Stockholm: Nobel Prizes, Science, and ScientistsOn 23 Jan in different years, four Nobel prize-winning scientists were born, the three quoted below and the German organic chemist, Otto Diels. Today's Science Store pick is The Road to Stockholm: Nobel Prizes, Science, and Scientists in which author Istvan Hargittai fills with interesting comparisons between scientists who won Nobel Prizes and those who did not, and between scientists whose lives were disrupted by Nobel fame and those who tried to carry on with business as usual after standing in the international spotlight. There is no universal recipe for winning science Nobel Prizes in the book, but the variety of ingredients in these success stories makes this a flavorful and interesting read. New: $32.50, Price: $28.60. Also available Used from $17.99 (as of time of writing).
For picks from earlier newsletters, see the Today in Science Science Store home page.
Quotations for Today
"Science is an enterprise that can only flourish if it puts the truth ahead of nationality, ethnicity, class and color." (1994) - John C. Polanyi, German-born Nobel prize-winning Canadian chemist (born  23 Jan 1929)

"I had fallen in love with a young man..., and we were planning to get married. And then he died of subacute bacterial endocarditis... Two years later with the advent of penicillin, he would have been saved. It reinforced in my mind the importance of scientific discovery..." - Gertrude B. Elion, American Nobel prize-winning pharmacologist (born 23 Jan 1918)

"Suppose there is something which a person cannot understand. He happens to notice the similarity of this something to some other thing which he understands quite well. By comparing them he may come to understand the thing which he could not understand up to that moment. If his understanding turns out to be appropriate and nobody else has ever come to such an understanding, he can claim that his thinking was really creative." - Hideki Yukawa, Japanese Nobel prize-winning physicist (born 23 Jan 1907)

QUIZ
Births
Andrija Mohorovicic, born 23 Jan 1857, was a Croatian meteorologist and geophysicist who discovered the boundary between the Earth's crust and mantle, a boundary now named the Mohorovicic discontinuity.
How did he discover this boundary?
Deaths
Johann Lukas Schönlein (1793-1864) was a German physician whose attempts to establish medicine as a natural science helped create modern methods for the teaching and practice of clinical medicine. He coined the term hemophilia (1828). He was the first to use a certain instrument in conjunction with urine and blood analyses to diagnose disease. 
What instrument was he first apply to blood analyses?
Events
On 23 Jan 1988, Dick Rutan and Jeana Yeager  completed the first nonstop, around the world flight without refueling in a purpose-built airplane. They landed it safely at Edwards Air Force Base in California.
What was the name of their aircraft?
On 23 Jan 1960, a specially constructed bathyscaphe, the Trieste, descended 35,810 feet in the Pacific Ocean into Challenger Deep, the deepest point known to exist on earth, is near the island of Guam. The record has stood unchallenged for 40 years since their historic dive.
What is the name of the ocean trench containing Challenger Deep?
On 23 Jan 1911, a scientist's nomination to the French Academy of Sciences, having already won one Nobel Prize (and whose work would later earn a second Nobel Prize), was nevertheless voted down by the Academy.
Can you name this scientist?
Answers
When you have your answers ready to all the questions above, you'll find all the information to check them, and more, on the January 23 web page of Today in Science History.

Or, try this link first for just the brief answers.
 

Feedback
Fast answers for the previous newsletter for January 22: Louis Paschen; fluorine; Whitworth standard screw threads; cyclotron.
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