ScienceDaily: Top News

---

• Cooling microprocessors with carbon nanotubes
• Galaxies on FIRE: Star feedback results in less massive galaxies
• New avenue to treat diabetes-related vision problems
• 3-D imaging provides window into living cells, no dye required
• Liquid crystal turns water droplets into 'gemstones'
• War on lionfish shows first promise of success
• Differences in mammal responses to climate change demonstrated
• The unexpected power of baby math: Adults still think about numbers like kids
• Humanity's most common male ancestor emerged earlier than thought: 209,000 years ago, study finds
• Holographic diagnostics in medicine
• New monitoring technique reveals endangered animals
• Bright star reveals new Neptune-size exoplanet
• Just how do our brains control our arms?
• Scientists find estrogen promotes blood-forming stem cell function
• Herschel telescope detects water on dwarf planet in asteroid belt
• Research backs more strategies for children with autism
• Researchers model macroscale plasmonic convection to control fluid and particle motion
• Salamanders help predict health of forest ecosystems, inform forest management
• Nothing to declare: Researchers find disclosure leads to avoiding conflicts of interest
• 'Love hormone' oxytocin carries unexpected side effect
• Wolf predation of cattle affects calf weight in Montana
• Polar bear diet changes as sea ice melts
• Best techniques for intracellular particle tracking
• Analysis of salamander jump reveals an unexpected twist
• Guys: Get married for the sake of your bones, but wait until you're 25
• Parental exposure to marijuana linked to drug addiction, compulsive behavior in unexposed progeny, rodent sudy finds
• Organic chemical origins in hydrothermal systems
• Soft hydrogels turned into ionic conductors with diverse applications, from artificial muscles to transparent speakers
• Small elliptical exercise device may promote activity while sitting
• Famine, not calcium absorption, may have driven evolution of milk tolerance in Europeans
• Old bird, New World: Did the South American hoatzins originate in Europe?
• Climate change research is globally skewed
• Spider silk ties scientists up in knots
• Fever-reducing meds may help spread the flu
• Internet advertising: Paid search ads don't always pay off, study finds
• Engineers create light-activated 'curtains'
• E-whiskers: Highly sensitive tactile sensors developed for robotics and other applications
• Researchers identify innate channel that protects against pain
• Large amounts of folic acid shown to promote growth of breast cancer in rats
• How the genetic blueprints for limbs came from fish
• All FDA drug approvals not created equal
• Mediterranean diet associated with lower risk of peripheral artery disease
• Exercising more, sitting less reduces heart failure risk in men
• Study: 'Icy' technique improves robotic kidney transplants
• What nurses need to know, do to offer evidence-based care
• Large-scale HPV self-testing proves effective for screening cervical cancer
• Predatory organisms at ocean depths
• Sugar tax would put America's medical bills on a diet
• Common blood cancer may be initiated by single mutation in bone cells
• Colonoscopy withdrawal times linked to polyp detection rates
• 66 children a day treated in U.S. EDs for shopping cart-related injuries
• Understanding the functioning of a new type of solar cell

Cooling microprocessors with carbon nanotubes Posted: 22 Jan 2014 12:39 PM PST Researchers have developed a "process friendly" technique to enable the cooling of microprocessor chips through the use of carbon nanotubes.

Galaxies on FIRE: Star feedback results in less massive galaxies Posted: 22 Jan 2014 12:39 PM PST For decades, astrophysicists have encountered a contradiction: although many galactic-wind models -- simulations of how matter is distributed in our universe -- predict that most matter exists in stars at the center of galaxies, in actuality these stars account for less than 10 percent of the matter in the universe. New simulations offer insight into this mismatch between the models and reality: energy released by individual stars can have a substantial effect on where matter ends up.

New avenue to treat diabetes-related vision problems Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:43 AM PST Dopamine-restoring drugs already used to treat Parkinson's disease may also be beneficial for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, a leading cause of blindness in adults.

3-D imaging provides window into living cells, no dye required Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:43 AM PST Living cells are ready for their close-ups, thanks to a new imaging technique that needs no dyes or other chemicals, yet renders high-resolution, three-dimensional, quantitative imagery of cells and their internal structures -- all with conventional microscopes and white light. Called white-light diffraction tomography, the imaging technique opens a window into the life of a cell without disturbing it and could allow cellular biologists unprecedented insight into cellular processes, drug effects and stem cell differentiation.

Liquid crystal turns water droplets into 'gemstones' Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:43 AM PST Researchers have described new research into a type of liquid crystal that dissolves in water rather than avoids it as do the oily liquid crystals found in displays. This property means that these liquid crystals hold potential for biomedical applications, where their changing internal patterns could signal the presence of specific proteins or other biological macromolecules.

War on lionfish shows first promise of success Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:42 AM PST It may take a legion of scuba divers armed with nets and spears, but a new study confirms for the first time that controlling lionfish populations in the western Atlantic Ocean can pave the way for a recovery of native fish. Scientists say there's finally a way to fight back.

Differences in mammal responses to climate change demonstrated Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:42 AM PST Large mammals are responding more to human-caused climate change than small mammals, according to a new assessment.

The unexpected power of baby math: Adults still think about numbers like kids Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:42 AM PST A new study has found new evidence that educated adults retain traces of their innate sense of numbers from childhood -- and that it's more powerful than many scientists think. The findings could contribute to the development of methods to more effectively educate or treat children with learning disabilities and people with brain injuries.

Humanity's most common male ancestor emerged earlier than thought: 209,000 years ago, study finds Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:41 AM PST Our most common male ancestor emerged some 209,000 years ago -- earlier than many scientists previously thought, according to new research.

Holographic diagnostics in medicine Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:41 AM PST 'Smart' holograms, which are currently being tested to monitor diabetes, and could be used to monitor a wide range of medical and environmental conditions in future, have been developed by researchers.

New monitoring technique reveals endangered animals Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:40 AM PST Now biologists can get much more accurate information about endangered bats, birds and insects. A new recording system has revealed many previously unknown and highly valuable details about bats.

Bright star reveals new Neptune-size exoplanet Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:40 AM PST A team of astronomers has discovered a new exoplanet, christened Kepler-410A b. The planet is about the size of Neptune and orbits the brightest star in a double star system 425 light years from Earth.

Just how do our brains control our arms? Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:38 AM PST How do the neurons in the brain control planned versus unplanned arm movements? Bioengineers wanted to answer that question as part of ongoing efforts to develop and improve brain-controlled prosthetic devices.

Scientists find estrogen promotes blood-forming stem cell function Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:34 AM PST Scientists have known for years that stem cells in male and female sexual organs are regulated differently by their respective hormones. In a surprising discovery, researchers have found that stem cells in the blood-forming system — which is similar in both sexes — also are regulated differently by hormones, with estrogen proving to be an especially prolific promoter of stem cell self-renewal.

Herschel telescope detects water on dwarf planet in asteroid belt Posted: 22 Jan 2014 10:25 AM PST Scientists using the Herschel space observatory have made the first definitive detection of water vapor on the largest and roundest object in the asteroid belt, Ceres. Plumes of water vapor are thought to shoot up periodically from Ceres when portions of its icy surface warm slightly. Ceres is classified as a dwarf planet, a solar system body bigger than an asteroid and smaller than a planet.

Research backs more strategies for children with autism Posted: 22 Jan 2014 08:28 AM PST The National Professional Development Center on Autism Spectrum Disorders has released its much-anticipated update on evidence-based practices for children and youth with autism. Articles published over two decades were reviewed in order to locate the soundest research on interventions for children from birth to age 22.

Researchers model macroscale plasmonic convection to control fluid and particle motion Posted: 22 Jan 2014 08:27 AM PST Researchers have developed a new theoretical model that explains macroscale fluid convection induced by plasmonic (metal) nanostructures. This work is the first to establish both theoretically and experimentally that micron/s fluid velocities can be generated using a plasmonic architecture, and provides important insight into the flows affecting particle dynamics in plasmonic optical trapping experiments.

Salamanders help predict health of forest ecosystems, inform forest management Posted: 22 Jan 2014 08:27 AM PST Researchers have determined that salamander population size reflects forest habitat quality and can predict how ecosystems recover from forest logging activity. They believe these findings can be translated to other species within forest ecosystems throughout the world.

Nothing to declare: Researchers find disclosure leads to avoiding conflicts of interest Posted: 22 Jan 2014 08:27 AM PST Professionals, such as doctors, lawyers and financial advisers, face conflicts of interest when they have a personal, and often financial, interest in giving biased advice. New research examines situations in which advisers have the ability to not have any conflicts of interest -- such as doctors who can decide whether to meet with and accept gifts from pharmaceutical companies.

'Love hormone' oxytocin carries unexpected side effect Posted: 22 Jan 2014 08:26 AM PST Some psychologists are keen to prescribe oxytocin off-label, in order to treat mild social unease in those who don't suffer from a diagnosed disorder. Not such a good idea, say researchers.

Wolf predation of cattle affects calf weight in Montana Posted: 22 Jan 2014 07:41 AM PST A recent study found that wolf predation of cattle contributes to lower weight gain in calves on western Montana ranches. This leads to an economic loss at sale several times higher than the direct reimbursement ranchers receive for a cow killed by wolves.

Polar bear diet changes as sea ice melts Posted: 22 Jan 2014 07:40 AM PST At least some polar bears in the western Hudson Bay population are using flexible foraging strategies while on land, such as prey-switching and eating a mixed diet of plants and animals, as they survive in their rapidly changing environment, new research suggests.

Best techniques for intracellular particle tracking Posted: 22 Jan 2014 07:40 AM PST A new article describes a contest for the best technique of intracellular particle tracking. Intracellular particle tracking requires simultaneous tracking of the motions of hundreds and thousands of intracellular organelles, virions and even individual molecules. Techniques proposed by all the participants find their own ways for solving the problem.

Analysis of salamander jump reveals an unexpected twist Posted: 22 Jan 2014 07:25 AM PST A small, secretive creature with unlikely qualifications for defying gravity may hold the answer to an entirely new way of getting off the ground. Analysis of high-speed film reveals how salamanders —- or at least several species of the Plethodontidae family -— achieve vertical lift.

Guys: Get married for the sake of your bones, but wait until you're 25 Posted: 22 Jan 2014 07:25 AM PST Men who married when they were younger than 25 had lower bone strength than men who married for the first time at a later age. Men in stable marriages or marriage-like relationships who had never previously divorced or separated had greater bone strength than men whose previous marriages had fractured.

Parental exposure to marijuana linked to drug addiction, compulsive behavior in unexposed progeny, rodent sudy finds Posted: 22 Jan 2014 07:25 AM PST Teen marijuana use may have repercussions in unexposed progeny. This rodent study found that parental use of marijuana/THC was linked to molecular and neurobiological disturbances and increased motivation to get drugs.

Organic chemical origins in hydrothermal systems Posted: 22 Jan 2014 06:24 AM PST Researchers have revealed the mechanisms for the formation of methane, which may have been a crucial stage in the origin of life on Earth.

Soft hydrogels turned into ionic conductors with diverse applications, from artificial muscles to transparent speakers Posted: 22 Jan 2014 06:24 AM PST An innovative design turns soft hydrogels into ionic conductors with diverse applications, from artificial muscles to transparent audio speakers.

Small elliptical exercise device may promote activity while sitting Posted: 22 Jan 2014 06:19 AM PST People may be able to keep the weight off by using a compact elliptical device while sitting at a desk or watching TV, according to Penn State College of Medicine researchers.

Famine, not calcium absorption, may have driven evolution of milk tolerance in Europeans Posted: 22 Jan 2014 06:18 AM PST Ancient DNA from early Iberian farmers shows that the wideheld evolutionary hypothesis of calcium absorption was not the only reason Europeans evolved milk tolerance. In the West, people take milk drinking for granted because most people of European decent are able to produce the enzyme lactase in adulthood and so digest the milk sugar lactose. However, this is not the norm in much of the world, and was not the norm for our Stone Age ancestors.

Old bird, New World: Did the South American hoatzins originate in Europe? Posted: 22 Jan 2014 06:17 AM PST The oldest fossil discoveries from France show that hoatzins once existed in Europe.

Climate change research is globally skewed Posted: 22 Jan 2014 06:17 AM PST The supply of climate change knowledge is biased towards richer countries - those that pollute the most and are least vulnerable to climate change – and skewed away from the poorer, fragile and more vulnerable regions of the world. That creates a global imbalance between the countries in need of knowledge and those that build it. This could have implications for the quality of the political decisions countries and regions make to prevent and adapt to climate change, warn experts.

Spider silk ties scientists up in knots Posted: 22 Jan 2014 06:17 AM PST Two years ago, researchers published a study which concluded that spider silk conducts heat as well as metals. Now scientists have repeated the experiment and the results throw this discovery into question.

Fever-reducing meds may help spread the flu Posted: 22 Jan 2014 06:13 AM PST Researchers assembled information from many sources, including experiments on human volunteers and on ferrets, then used a mathematical model to compute how the increase in the amount of virus given off by a single person taking fever-reducing drugs would increase the overall number of cases in a typical year. The bottom line is that fever suppression increases the number of annual cases by approximately 5%, corresponding to more than 1,000 additional deaths from influenza in a typical year across North America.

Internet advertising: Paid search ads don't always pay off, study finds Posted: 22 Jan 2014 06:13 AM PST Businesses spend billions to reach customers through online advertising but just how effective are paid search ads? Using data from eBay, economists compared whether consumers are more likely to click on paid ads than on free, generic search results and found that advertisers may not be getting their money's worth.

Engineers create light-activated 'curtains' Posted: 21 Jan 2014 04:26 PM PST Forget remote-controlled curtains. A new development could lead to curtains and other materials that move in response to light, no batteries needed.

E-whiskers: Highly sensitive tactile sensors developed for robotics and other applications Posted: 21 Jan 2014 04:14 PM PST From the world of nanotechnology we've gotten electronic skin, or e-skin, and electronic eye implants or e-eyes. Now we're on the verge of electronic whiskers. Researchers have created tactile sensors from composite films of carbon nanotubes and silver nanoparticles similar to the highly sensitive whiskers of cats and rats. These new e-whiskers respond to pressure as slight as a single Pascal, about the pressure exerted on a table surface by a dollar bill. Among their many potential applications is giving robots new abilities to "see" and "feel" their surrounding environment.

Researchers identify innate channel that protects against pain Posted: 21 Jan 2014 03:34 PM PST Scientists have identified a channel present in many pain detecting sensory neurons that acts as a "brake," limiting spontaneous pain. It is hoped that the new research will ultimately contribute to new pain relief treatments.

Large amounts of folic acid shown to promote growth of breast cancer in rats Posted: 21 Jan 2014 03:34 PM PST Folic acid supplements at levels consumed by breast cancer patients and survivors in North America promoted the growth of existing breast cancer in rats, new research found.

How the genetic blueprints for limbs came from fish Posted: 21 Jan 2014 03:34 PM PST Our first four-legged land ancestor came out of the sea some 350 million years ago. Watching a lungfish, our closest living fish relative, crawl on its four pointed fins gives us an idea of what the first evolutionary steps on land probably looked like. However, the transitional path between fin structural elements in fish and limbs in tetrapods remains elusive. Both fish and land animals possess clusters of Hoxa and Hoxd genes, which are necessary for both fin and limb formation during embryonic development. Scientists compared the structure and behavior of these gene clusters in embryos from mice and zebrafish. The researchers discovered similar 3-dimensional DNA organization of the fish and mouse clusters, which indicates that the main mechanism used to pattern tetrapod limbs was already present in fish.

All FDA drug approvals not created equal Posted: 21 Jan 2014 01:47 PM PST Many patients and physicians assume that the safety and effectiveness of newly approved drugs is well understood by the federal Food and Drug Administration -- but a new study shows that the clinical trials used by the federal Food and Drug Administration to approve new drugs between 2005 and 2012 vary widely in their thoroughness.

Mediterranean diet associated with lower risk of peripheral artery disease Posted: 21 Jan 2014 01:47 PM PST A multicenter study that previously reported a reduction in heart attack and stroke with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or with nuts now also reports a lower risk of peripheral artery disease, according to a study.

Exercising more, sitting less reduces heart failure risk in men Posted: 21 Jan 2014 01:47 PM PST Increased sedentary time may be linked to greater heart failure risk, according to first study its kind. Being very physically active and less sedentary reduces heart failure risk. High sedentary levels increase heart failure risk regardless of physical activity levels.

Study: 'Icy' technique improves robotic kidney transplants Posted: 21 Jan 2014 11:38 AM PST A collaboration of surgeons in the U.S. and India successfully transplanted kidneys into 50 recipients using an innovative robot-assisted procedure in which the organ is cooled with sterile ice during the operation.

What nurses need to know, do to offer evidence-based care Posted: 21 Jan 2014 11:38 AM PST Researchers have come up with an answer for health care systems and professionals struggling with how to most effectively adopt evidence-based practice in their clinical settings. They've developed evidence-based practice competencies for nurses.

Large-scale HPV self-testing proves effective for screening cervical cancer Posted: 21 Jan 2014 10:09 AM PST Self-testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) -- the virus that causes cervical cancer -- is as effective at detecting cancer as a conventional smear test (cytology screening) even when scaled up to test large populations.

Predatory organisms at ocean depths Posted: 21 Jan 2014 10:08 AM PST In deep, old and nutrient-poor ocean floor sediments there are up to 225 times more viruses than microbes. In such extreme habitats, viruses make up the largest fraction of living biomass and take over the role as predators in this bizarre ecosystem.

Sugar tax would put America's medical bills on a diet Posted: 21 Jan 2014 10:06 AM PST Taxing sugar – before it's added to processed foods – would reduce obesity-related disease in America, and cut medical costs to boot, according to research.

Common blood cancer may be initiated by single mutation in bone cells Posted: 21 Jan 2014 10:06 AM PST AML is a blood cancer, but for many patients the cancer may originate from an unusual source: a mutation in their bone cells. In a study published, researchers explain that a mutation in the bone cells called osteoblasts, which build new bone, causes AML in mice. The mutation was found in nearly 40 percent of patients with AML or myelodysplastic syndrome, a precursor condition, who were examined as part of the study.

Colonoscopy withdrawal times linked to polyp detection rates Posted: 21 Jan 2014 10:00 AM PST Researchers find a statistically significant correlation between longer normal withdrawal time and higher (overall) polyp detection rates, adenoma detection rates, and serrated polyp detection rates.

66 children a day treated in U.S. EDs for shopping cart-related injuries Posted: 21 Jan 2014 10:00 AM PST Although a voluntary shopping cart safety standard was implemented in the United States in 2004, the overall number and rate of injuries to children associated with shopping carts have not decreased. In fact, the number and rate of concussions/closed head injuries have continued to climb, according to a new study.

Understanding the functioning of a new type of solar cell Posted: 21 Jan 2014 08:34 AM PST Scientists have uncovered the mechanism by which novel, revolutionary solar cells based on lead iodide perovskite light-absorbing semiconductor transfer electrons along their surface. The finding shows these devices constitute a new type of solar cells and open the way to the design of photovoltaic converters with improved efficiency.

You are subscribed to email updates from All Top News -- ScienceDaily To stop receiving these emails, you may unsubscribe now.	Email delivery powered by Google
Google Inc., 20 West Kinzie, Chicago IL USA 60610