ScienceDaily: Top News

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• From one cell to many: How did multicellularity evolve?
• Space-raised flies show weakened immunity to fungus
• Variation in circadian clock protein in fruit flies discovered
• Researchers use sensory integration model to understand unconscious priming
• Patient participation in surgical safety checklist a win-win
• Integrating vegetation into sustainable transportation planning may benefit public health
• Researchers developing new approach for imaging dense breasts for abnormalities
• New prostate cancer drugs may not target root cause of disease, scientists warn
• Simple protein test could improve prediction of survival rates for patients with head, neck cancer
• Birch helps wounds heals faster
• Dietary treatment shows potential in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
• Small size in early pregnancy linked to poor heart health later in life
• Putting a Brake on Tumor Spread
• New clues may link hereditary cancer genes to increased risk of cancer from alcohol
• Moms favor daughters in dairy study

From one cell to many: How did multicellularity evolve? Posted: 25 Jan 2014 02:24 PM PST In the beginning there were single cells. Today, many millions of years later, most plants, animals, fungi, and algae are composed of multiple cells that work collaboratively as a single being. Despite the various ways these organisms achieved multicellularity, their conglomeration of cells operate cooperatively to consume energy, survive, and reproduce. But how did multicellularity evolve?

Space-raised flies show weakened immunity to fungus Posted: 25 Jan 2014 02:24 PM PST Venturing into space might be a bold adventure, but it may not be good for your immune system. Now a study shows how growing up on the Space Shuttle weakened a key arm of the immune system in Drosophila flies.

Variation in circadian clock protein in fruit flies discovered Posted: 25 Jan 2014 02:23 PM PST Scientists have studied genetic variation in circadian clock genes in wild populations of the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster -- and has discovered that their genes have developed different genetic variations that are functionally important. The circadian clock is a molecular network that generates daily rhythms, and is present in both plants and animals.

Researchers use sensory integration model to understand unconscious priming Posted: 24 Jan 2014 01:12 PM PST Priming, an unconscious phenomenon that causes the context of information to change the way we think or behave, has frustrated scientists as they have unsuccessfully attempted to understand how it works. But, recent failures to replicate demonstrations of unconscious priming have resulted in a heated debate within the field of psychology. In a breakthrough paper, Carnegie Mellon University researchers use a well-established human perception theory to illustrate the mechanisms underlying priming and explain how its effects do not always act as predicted.

Patient participation in surgical safety checklist a win-win Posted: 24 Jan 2014 01:12 PM PST Patients feel safer – and likely are safer – when they receive a surgical safety checklist and request that their health care providers use it, suggests a pilot study.

Integrating vegetation into sustainable transportation planning may benefit public health Posted: 24 Jan 2014 10:57 AM PST Strategic placement of trees and plants near busy roadways may enhance air quality and positively impact public health.

Researchers developing new approach for imaging dense breasts for abnormalities Posted: 24 Jan 2014 08:11 AM PST Engineers and radiologists develop new approach for diagnostic imaging of dense breasts with suspicious lesions. MRI/near-infrared spectroscopy technique offers greater flexibility, speed, and accuracy. Technology shows promise for improving MRI's ability to distinguish cancer from benign abnormalities.

New prostate cancer drugs may not target root cause of disease, scientists warn Posted: 24 Jan 2014 08:07 AM PST New drugs being developed for the treatment of prostate cancer may not be targeting the root cause of the disease, according to research published.

Simple protein test could improve prediction of survival rates for patients with head, neck cancer Posted: 24 Jan 2014 05:26 AM PST Scientists used a simple protein test that could prove more useful in predicting survival chances for patients with head-and-neck cancer compared to existing methods. The team believes the test could allow doctors to choose more appropriate and tailored treatments. Oral cancers, including the tongue and tonsils, are usually associated with tobacco and alcohol intake. However, increasing numbers of cases are instead linked to human papillomaviruses (HPV).

Birch helps wounds heals faster Posted: 24 Jan 2014 05:26 AM PST Pharmaceutical researchers elucidate the effect of a natural extract -- from birch trees.

Dietary treatment shows potential in mouse model of Alzheimer's disease Posted: 24 Jan 2014 05:25 AM PST According to current understanding, Alzheimer's disease develops slowly and it may take up to 20 years before the first obvious symptoms occur. With the development of early diagnostics of the disease, the question of which treatments to offer to completely healthy people with an increased risk of developing Alzheimer's becomes of key importance in the field of medicine. Various dietary treatments seem a promising alternative.

Small size in early pregnancy linked to poor heart health later in life Posted: 23 Jan 2014 07:20 PM PST Poor growth in the first three months of pregnancy is associated with a range of cardiovascular risk factors in childhood, finds a study published.

Putting a Brake on Tumor Spread Posted: 23 Jan 2014 07:19 PM PST A team of scientists has found that a protein involved in promoting tumor growth and survival is also activated in surrounding blood vessels, enabling cancer cells to spread into the bloodstream.

New clues may link hereditary cancer genes to increased risk of cancer from alcohol Posted: 23 Jan 2014 07:19 PM PST In laboratory experiments conducted on human cell lines, scientists have shown that people carrying certain mutations in two hereditary cancer genes, BRCA2 and PALB2, may have a higher than usual susceptibility to DNA damage caused by a byproduct of alcohol, called acetaldehyde.

Moms favor daughters in dairy study Posted: 23 Jan 2014 07:19 PM PST Sorry, boys. In the end, mothers favor daughters –- at least when it comes to Holstein dairy cows and how much milk they produce for their offspring, according to a new study. The research may have implications for humans.

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