ScienceDaily: Top Health News

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• Patients with MS may be at increased risk of developing cancer
• Young 'pranksters' skewed landmark sexuality study
• Employment may lead to improvement in autism symptoms
• Research shows early promise of new drug for cancers caused by viruses
• Health and 'hookups' correlated in first-year college women
• Brain structure shows who is most sensitive to pain
• Fish derived serum omega-3 fatty acids help reduce risk of type 2 diabetes
• New breast cancer stem cell findings explain how cancer spreads
• Social experience drives empathetic, pro-social behavior in rats
• Review finds lack of delirium screening in the emergency department
• Dance and virtual reality: A promising treatment for urinary incontinence in elderly women
• T-cell research sheds light on why HIV can persist despite treatment
• NHS cancer risk threshold 'too high' for patients, research indicates
• Educated black men remembered as 'whiter'
• Younger people have 'high definition' memories
• Physical reason for chromosome's cylindrical shape discovered
• Most common gene mutation in human pigmentation in Mediterranean countries linked to increased skin cancer
• How fiber prevents diabetes, obesity
• Mitochondrial genes matter for survival and reproduction
• Promising drug candidates for pain, addiction
• Prevalence of hepatitis C infection found to vary widely among Hispanics
• Primate growing up with half the calories: New understanding about human health and longevity
• Tricky protein may help HIV vaccine development
• Viral microRNAs responsible for causing AIDS-related cancer, study shows
• Food companies marketing to kids
• Study examines probiotic use in preventing gastrointestinal disorders in infants
• How immune system fights off malaria
• Children or no children: Similar life satisfaction for Americans
• New test could simplify diagnosis of celiac disease

Patients with MS may be at increased risk of developing cancer Posted: 14 Jan 2014 10:08 AM PST Individuals with multiple sclerosis may have an increased risk of developing any type of cancer, with an especially high risk of developing breast cancer. That is the conclusion of a recent study published. Because the findings contradict earlier studies, additional research is needed to determine whether a true link exists between multiple sclerosis and cancer.

Young 'pranksters' skewed landmark sexuality study Posted: 14 Jan 2014 10:07 AM PST The joke's on a generation of human-sexuality researchers: Adolescent pranksters responding to the widely cited National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health in the mid-1990s may have faked nonheterosexuality.

Employment may lead to improvement in autism symptoms Posted: 14 Jan 2014 10:06 AM PST More independent work environments may lead to reductions in autism symptoms and improve daily living in adults with the disorder, according to a new study.

Research shows early promise of new drug for cancers caused by viruses Posted: 14 Jan 2014 08:42 AM PST A newly published paper is the first to report that specialized fat (lipid) molecules, called sphingolipids, play a key role in the survival of aggressive lymphomas caused by viruses. The paper also reveals a new therapy for preventing production of sphingolipids by lymphoma cells, thereby killing these cells, which are often resistant to standard therapies.

Health and 'hookups' correlated in first-year college women Posted: 14 Jan 2014 08:41 AM PST Sexual experimentation outside of committed romantic relationships, or "hooking up," is typically portrayed by the media as unhealthy, especially for young women. These portrayals, however, are largely conjecture. Research now demonstrates potential negative outcomes associated with hooking up in female college students.

Brain structure shows who is most sensitive to pain Posted: 14 Jan 2014 08:41 AM PST Everybody feels pain differently, and brain structure may hold the clue to these differences. In a study published, scientistshave shown that the brain's structure is related to how intensely people perceive pain.

Fish derived serum omega-3 fatty acids help reduce risk of type 2 diabetes Posted: 14 Jan 2014 07:27 AM PST High concentrations of serum long-chain omega-3 fatty acids may help reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, according to a new study. The sources of these fatty acids are fish and fish oils.

New breast cancer stem cell findings explain how cancer spreads Posted: 14 Jan 2014 07:25 AM PST Breast cancer stem cells exist in two different states and each state plays a role in how cancer spreads, according to an international collaboration of researchers. Their finding sheds new light on the process that makes cancer a deadly disease.

Social experience drives empathetic, pro-social behavior in rats Posted: 14 Jan 2014 07:25 AM PST Empathy-driven behavior has been observed in rats who will free trapped companions from restrainers. This behavior also extends toward strangers, but requires prior, positive social interactions with the type (strain) of the unfamiliar individual, report scientists. The findings suggest that social experiences, not genetics or kin selection, determine whether an individual will help strangers out of empathy.

Review finds lack of delirium screening in the emergency department Posted: 14 Jan 2014 07:24 AM PST Delirium in older patients in an emergency room setting can foretell other health issues. But according to a new study, the condition is frequently overlooked because of a lack of screening tools in emergency departments.

Dance and virtual reality: A promising treatment for urinary incontinence in elderly women Posted: 14 Jan 2014 07:24 AM PST Virtual reality, dance and fun are not the first things that come to mind when we think of treating urinary incontinence in senior women. However, these concepts were the foundations of a promising study .

T-cell research sheds light on why HIV can persist despite treatment Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:21 AM PST Research by an international team provides evidence that a particular T-cell type may help researchers better understand why HIV can persist despite treatment.

NHS cancer risk threshold 'too high' for patients, research indicates Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:21 AM PST Patients have expressed an appetite for potential cancer symptoms to be checked out much sooner than current NHS thresholds guidelines suggest, new research has revealed.

Educated black men remembered as 'whiter' Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:19 AM PST A new study finds that instead of breaking stereotypes, intellectually successful black individuals may be susceptible to being remembered as "whiter" and therefore "exceptions to their race," perpetuating cultural beliefs about race and intelligence. This new study shows that a black man who is associated with being educated is remembered as being lighter in skin tone than he actually is, a phenomenon the study authors refer to as "skin tone memory bias."

Younger people have 'high definition' memories Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:18 AM PST It's not that younger people are able to remember more than older people. Their memories seem better because they are able to retrieve them in higher definition. So says a researcher, in a study that sheds light on how differences in the behavioral and neural activity of younger and older adults influence the different generations' ability to store and recall memories.

Physical reason for chromosome's cylindrical shape discovered Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:18 AM PST Researchers have determined why metaphase chromosomes have their characteristic elongated cylindrical shape. The results show that this morphology is related to the chromosome's self-organizing structure.

Most common gene mutation in human pigmentation in Mediterranean countries linked to increased skin cancer Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:17 AM PST When Homo sapiens left Africa and had to adapt to less sunny climates, there was a mutation in one of the genes responsible for regulating the synthesis of melanin, the MC1R gene, which involved a discoloration of the skin. This discoloration allowed for better absorption of vitamin D, necessary for growth, but it also increased the risk of developing skin cancer in adulthood. This mutation is most common among people from Mediterranean regions such as Spain, Portugal, Italy and Israel, presenting in about 10-20% of the population.

How fiber prevents diabetes, obesity Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:08 AM PST Scientists have known for the past twenty years that a fiber-rich diet protects the organism against obesity and diabetes but the mechanisms involved have so far eluded them. A French-Swedish team has succeeded in elucidating this mechanism, which involves the intestinal flora and the ability of the intestine to produce glucose between meals.

Mitochondrial genes matter for survival and reproduction Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:08 AM PST Contrary to common belief, mitochondrial genes seem to matter for how well individuals survive and reproduce. These new results are reported by researchers who studied the genes of a common beetle species. Mitochondria are vital power plants of cells. They carry their own genes, which are inherited only through females, and these genes vary greatly between individuals. Scientists have shown for the first time that differences in the mitochondrial genes that individuals carry actually affect how well they survive and reproduce.

Promising drug candidates for pain, addiction Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:04 AM PST Scientists have described a pair of drug candidates that advance the search for new treatments for pain, addiction and other disorders.

Prevalence of hepatitis C infection found to vary widely among Hispanics Posted: 14 Jan 2014 06:04 AM PST A research team has found that the prevalence of Hepatitis C varies widely among different Hispanic groups in the U.S.

Primate growing up with half the calories: New understanding about human health and longevity Posted: 13 Jan 2014 01:38 PM PST New research shows that humans and other primates burn 50 percent fewer calories each day than other mammals. The study suggests that these remarkably slow metabolisms explain why humans and other primates grow up so slowly and live such long lives.

Tricky protein may help HIV vaccine development Posted: 13 Jan 2014 01:38 PM PST Scientists have taken aim at what may be the Achilles' heel of the HIV virus. Combining expertise in biochemistry, immunology and advanced computation, researchers have determined the structure of a key part of the HIV envelope protein, the gp41 membrane proximal external region, which previously eluded complete, functional description. The research will help focus HIV vaccine development efforts.

Viral microRNAs responsible for causing AIDS-related cancer, study shows Posted: 13 Jan 2014 01:38 PM PST For the first time, scientists and engineers have identified a critical cancer-causing component in the virus that causes Kaposi's sarcoma, the most common cancer among HIV-infected people. The discovery lays the foundation for developing drugs that prevent Kaposi's sarcoma and other related cancers.

Food companies marketing to kids Posted: 13 Jan 2014 01:36 PM PST Most students attend schools where they are exposed to fast food and beverages through meals, advertising and promotions, according to researchers.

Study examines probiotic use in preventing gastrointestinal disorders in infants Posted: 13 Jan 2014 01:36 PM PST Giving an infant a probiotic during the first three months of life appears to reduce the onset of gastrointestinal disorders and result in lower associated costs, according to a study.

How immune system fights off malaria Posted: 13 Jan 2014 12:42 PM PST A study reveals immune cells that are critical to combating the parasite in early stages of infection.

Children or no children: Similar life satisfaction for Americans Posted: 13 Jan 2014 12:42 PM PST Americans aged 34 to 46 with children at home rate their life satisfaction at higher levels than those without children at home, according to a report. However, the researchers say that factors such as higher educational attainment, higher income, better health and religiosity all enhance life satisfaction and that, once these are taken into account, parents and nonparents have similar levels of life satisfaction.

New test could simplify diagnosis of celiac disease Posted: 13 Jan 2014 12:42 PM PST A new blood test being developed can rapidly and accurately diagnose celiac disease without the need for prolonged gluten exposure.

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