ScienceDaily: Top News |
- The intergalactic medium unveiled
- Search for extraterrestrial life more difficult than thought
- Breath Analysis Offers Non-invasive Method to Detect Early Lung Cancer
- Herschel discovers mature galaxies in the young Universe
- Consuming high-protein breakfasts helps women maintain glucose control, study finds
- Prematurity linked to altered lung function during exercise, high blood pressure in adults
- Heat regulation dysfunction may stop MS patients from exercising
- Saving crops, people with inexpensive bug sensors
- Declines in large wildlife lead to increases in disease risk
- Chronic stress heightens vulnerability to diet-related metabolic risk
- Prehistoric caribou hunting structure discovered beneath Lake Huron
- Immunogenic mutations in tumor genomes correlate with increased patient survival
- Graphene very mobile in lakes: Risks of negative environmental impacts if released
- Brain tumor cells penetrated by tiny, degradable particles carrying genetic instructions
- People rely on what they hear themselves say to know what they're saying
- Mother's diet affects the 'silencing' of her child's genes
- Molecular secrets behind resveratrol's health benefits revealed
- Label-free, sequence-specific, inexpensive fluorescent DNA sensors
- Fridges cooled by magnetism? Newly identified 'universal' property of metamagnets may lead to everyday uses
- Proving uncertainty: New insight into old problem
- Plasma flows in laboratory used to understand how beam-like jets may form in space
- Take a trip down Memory Lane to the gym: Using memories to motivate
- Depression detectable in the blood: Platelet serotonin transporter function
- Facial transplantation: Almost a decade out, surgeons prepare for burgeoning demand
- Girls make higher grades than boys in all school subjects, analysis finds
- More coral babies staying at home on future reefs
- Coral reefs provide potent new anti-HIV proteins
- Microfluidic technology reveals potential biomarker for early pancreatic cancer
- Submarine: 'Virtual periscope' sees above-surface/airborne objects from underwater view
- When harm done can never be balanced: Vicarious revenge and the death of Osama bin Laden
- Overlap in genes altered in schizophrenia, autism, intellectual disability
- Low cholesterol in immune cells tied to slow progression of HIV
- Diabetes duration, severity associated with brain atrophy
- 'Tell-tail' MRI image diagnosis for Parkinson's: Healthy state of brain cells may be an accurate test
- New fluorescent hybrid material changes color according to direction of light
- How the koala retrovirus genome evolved
- Cheap, environmentally-friendly method for making transparent conductive films for laptops, smartphones, solar cells
- I don’t deserve to be this happy: Dampening of positive feelings found to predict postpartum depressive symptoms
- Urban river pollutants suppress wild bird development
- Bacteria on the skin: Our invisible companions influence how quickly wounds heal
- Simply being called 'fat' makes young girls more likely to become obese: Trying to be thin is like trying to be tall
- Pancreatic tumor-induced gene may prove beneficial as a drug marker
- Road to fountain of youth paved with fast food ... and sneakers? Exercise may prevent or delay fundamental process of aging
- Naked mole rats and the secret to longevity
- Precise brain mapping can improve response to deep brain stimulation in depression
- Oxytocin promotes social behavior in infant rhesus monkeys
- Antibodies against deadly emerging disease mers discovered
- Potential drug targets for preeclampsia patients identified
- Higher calcium intake may reduce body fat, mitigating genetic risk for diabetes
- A glassy look for manganites: Scientists observe glass-like behavior in electron-spins of PCMO crystals
- Risk of cesarean delivery 12 percent lower with labor induction
- Scientists track ripples in freestanding graphene for first time
| The intergalactic medium unveiled Posted: 29 Apr 2014 03:50 PM PDT Astronomers have taken unprecedented images of the intergalactic medium -- the diffuse gas that connects galaxies throughout the universe -- with the Cosmic Web Imager. Until now, the structure of the IGM has mostly been a matter for theoretical speculation. However, with observations from the Cosmic Web Imager, deployed on the Hale 200-inch telescope at Palomar Observatory, astronomers are obtaining our first three-dimensional pictures of the IGM. |
| Search for extraterrestrial life more difficult than thought Posted: 29 Apr 2014 03:50 PM PDT A new study suggests the search for life on planets outside our solar system may be more difficult than previously thought. The study finds the method used to detect biosignatures on such planets, known as exoplanets, can produce a false positive result. |
| Breath Analysis Offers Non-invasive Method to Detect Early Lung Cancer Posted: 29 Apr 2014 03:46 PM PDT Researchers are using breath analysis to detect the presence of lung cancer. Preliminary data indicate that this promising noninvasive tool offers the sensitivity of PET scanning, and has almost twice the specificity of PET for distinguishing patients with benign lung disease from those with early stage cancer. |
| Herschel discovers mature galaxies in the young Universe Posted: 29 Apr 2014 03:36 PM PDT New Herschel results have given us a remarkable insight into the internal dynamics of two young galaxies. Surprisingly, they have shown that just a few billion years after the Big Bang, some galaxies were rotating in a mature way, seemingly having completed the accumulation of their gas reservoirs. |
| Consuming high-protein breakfasts helps women maintain glucose control, study finds Posted: 29 Apr 2014 01:21 PM PDT Previous research has shown that extreme increases in glucose and insulin in the blood can lead to poor glucose control and increase an individual's risk of developing diabetes over time. Now, a researcher has found that when women consumed high-protein breakfasts, they maintained better glucose and insulin control than they did with lower-protein or no-protein meals. |
| Prematurity linked to altered lung function during exercise, high blood pressure in adults Posted: 29 Apr 2014 01:16 PM PDT Some preterm babies have lungs that develop abnormally. While long-term health effects of prematurity are still unclear, researchers have found that adults who were born early may have problems handling the pulmonary demands of exercise. "Healthy young humans have lungs designed to easily handle the increased blood flow from the heart during exercise. However, adults born extremely to very preterm have abnormally developed lungs, which may result in lungs that are unable to handle the demands of exercise," they conclude. |
| Heat regulation dysfunction may stop MS patients from exercising Posted: 29 Apr 2014 01:16 PM PDT Exercise-induced body temperature increases can make symptoms worse for some patients with multiple sclerosis. Researchers have explored the underlying causes of the temperature regulation problems so MS patients can better reap the benefits of exercise. In the study, researchers found that sweating took longer to start and sweat rate was lower during exercise-induced body temperature increases in MS patients compared to healthy control subjects. |
| Saving crops, people with inexpensive bug sensors Posted: 29 Apr 2014 12:37 PM PDT A method that can classify different species of insects with up to 99 percent accuracy has been created by researchers, a development that could help farmers protect their crops from insect damage and limit the spread of insect-borne diseases, such as malaria and Dengue fever. For hundreds of years humans have attempted to kill unwanted insects. While some blanket methods have been successful, they can be costly and create environmental problems. The sensor developed by these researchers aims to change that by counting and classifying the insects so that the substance used to eradicate the harmful insects can be applied on a precision targeted level. |
| Declines in large wildlife lead to increases in disease risk Posted: 29 Apr 2014 11:22 AM PDT In the Middle Ages, fleas carried by rats were responsible for spreading the Black Plague. Today in East Africa, they remain important vectors of plague and many other diseases, including Bartonellosis, a potentially dangerous human pathogen. The researchers concluded that the "spike in disease risk results from explosions in the number of rodents that benefit from the removal of the larger animals." |
| Chronic stress heightens vulnerability to diet-related metabolic risk Posted: 29 Apr 2014 11:21 AM PDT Highly stressed people who eat a lot of high-fat, high-sugar food are more prone to health risks than low-stress people who eat the same amount of unhealthy food, new research finds for the first time. Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of abnormalities -- increased blood pressure, a high blood sugar level, excess body fat around the waist and abnormal cholesterol levels -- that occur together, increasing a person's risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes. |
| Prehistoric caribou hunting structure discovered beneath Lake Huron Posted: 29 Apr 2014 10:38 AM PDT Underwater archaeologists have discovered evidence of prehistoric caribou hunts that provide unprecedented insight into the social and seasonal organization of early peoples in the Great Lakes region. The main feature, called Drop 45 Drive Lane, is the most complex hunting structure found to date beneath the Great Lakes. |
| Immunogenic mutations in tumor genomes correlate with increased patient survival Posted: 29 Apr 2014 10:38 AM PDT Developing immunotherapies for cancer is challenging because of significant variability among tumors and diversity in human immune types. In a new study, researchers examined the largest collection of tumor samples to date to predict patient-specific tumor mutations that may activate the patient's immune system, paving the way for more successful, personalized cancer immunotherapy. |
| Graphene very mobile in lakes: Risks of negative environmental impacts if released Posted: 29 Apr 2014 09:58 AM PDT In a first-of-its-kind study of how a material some think could transform the electronics industry moves in water, researchers found that graphene oxide nanoparticles are very mobile in lakes or streams and therefore may well cause negative environmental impacts if released. |
| Brain tumor cells penetrated by tiny, degradable particles carrying genetic instructions Posted: 29 Apr 2014 09:58 AM PDT Tiny, biodegradable 'nanoparticles' able to carry DNA to brain cancer cells in mice have been developed by engineers and neurosurgeons working together. The team says the results of their proof of principle experiment suggest that such particles loaded with 'death genes' might one day be given to brain cancer patients during neurosurgery to selectively kill off any remaining tumor cells without damaging normal brain tissue. |
| People rely on what they hear themselves say to know what they're saying Posted: 29 Apr 2014 09:57 AM PDT You know what you're going to say before you say it, right? Not necessarily, research suggests. A new study shows that auditory feedback plays an important role in helping us determine what we're saying as we speak. Theories about how we produce speech often assume that we start with a clear, preverbal idea of what to say that goes through different levels of encoding to finally become an utterance. But the findings from this study support an alternative model. |
| Mother's diet affects the 'silencing' of her child's genes Posted: 29 Apr 2014 09:57 AM PDT A unique 'experiment of nature' that took place in The Gambia has now revealed that a mother's diet before she conceives has a permanent effect on her offspring's genetics. This is the first time the effect has been seen in humans, and is regarded as a major contribution to the field of 'epigenetics.' |
| Molecular secrets behind resveratrol's health benefits revealed Posted: 29 Apr 2014 09:55 AM PDT Resveratrol has been much in the news as the component of grapes and red wine associated with reducing "bad cholesterol," heart disease and some types of cancer. Also found in blueberries, cranberries, mulberries, peanuts and pistachios, resveratrol is associated with beneficial health effects in aging, inflammation and metabolism. |
| Label-free, sequence-specific, inexpensive fluorescent DNA sensors Posted: 29 Apr 2014 09:55 AM PDT Using principles of energy transfer more commonly applied to designing solar cells, scientists have developed a new highly sensitive way to detect specific sequences of DNA, the genetic material unique to every living thing. The method is considerably less costly than other DNA assays and has widespread potential for applications in forensics, medical diagnostics, and the detection of bioterror agents. |
| Posted: 29 Apr 2014 09:55 AM PDT A new physics discovery may lead to more efficient refrigerators, heat pumps and airport scanners, among many possible uses –- perhaps within a decade.The refrigerator of 2024 may be cooled not by chemical refrigerants, but by magnetism, thanks to the work of a team of physicists and materials scientists. |
| Proving uncertainty: New insight into old problem Posted: 29 Apr 2014 09:54 AM PDT Nearly 90 years after Werner Heisenberg pioneered his uncertainty principle, a group of researchers from three countries has provided substantial new insight into this fundamental tenet of quantum physics with the first rigorous formulation supporting the uncertainty principle as Heisenberg envisioned it. |
| Plasma flows in laboratory used to understand how beam-like jets may form in space Posted: 29 Apr 2014 07:51 AM PDT Streaming jets of high-speed matter produce some of the stunning objects seen in space. Astronomers have seen them shooting out of young stars just being formed, X-ray binary stars and supermassive black holes at the centers of large galaxies. Theoretical explanations for what causes those beam-like jets have been around for years, but now an experiment using extremely high-powered lasers offers experimental verification of one proposed mechanism for creating them. |
| Take a trip down Memory Lane to the gym: Using memories to motivate Posted: 29 Apr 2014 07:50 AM PDT We all know that thinking about exercise isn't the same as doing it. But researchers have confirmed what may be the next best thing: just thinking about a past exercise experience can motivate us to actually do it. |
| Depression detectable in the blood: Platelet serotonin transporter function Posted: 29 Apr 2014 07:50 AM PDT The possibility of using a blood test to detect depression has been demonstrated by researchers. While blood tests for mental illnesses have until recently been regarded as impossible, a recent study clearly indicates that, in principle, depression can in fact be diagnosed in this way and this could become reality in the not too distant future. |
| Facial transplantation: Almost a decade out, surgeons prepare for burgeoning demand Posted: 29 Apr 2014 07:49 AM PDT Plastic and reconstructive surgeons leading the first retrospective study of all known facial transplants worldwide conclude that the procedure is relatively safe, increasingly feasible, and a clear life-changer that can and should be offered to far more carefully selected patients. The review team noted that the transplants still pose lifelong risks and complications from infection and sometimes toxic immunosuppressive drugs, but also are highly effective at restoring people to fully functioning lives after physically disfiguring and socially debilitating facial injuries. |
| Girls make higher grades than boys in all school subjects, analysis finds Posted: 29 Apr 2014 07:49 AM PDT Despite the stereotype that boys do better in math and science, girls have made higher grades than boys throughout their school years for nearly a century, according to a new analysis. "School marks reflect learning in the larger social context of the classroom and require effort and persistence over long periods of time, whereas standardized tests assess basic or specialized academic abilities and aptitudes at one point in time without social influences," said lead study author. |
| More coral babies staying at home on future reefs Posted: 29 Apr 2014 06:27 AM PDT Increasing ocean temperatures due to climate change will soon see reefs retaining and nurturing more of their own coral larvae, leaving large reef systems less interconnected and potentially more vulnerable. "We found that at higher temperatures more coral larvae will tend to stay on their birth reef," says the lead author of the study. |
| Coral reefs provide potent new anti-HIV proteins Posted: 29 Apr 2014 06:26 AM PDT A new class of proteins capable of blocking the HIV virus from penetrating T-cells has been discovered. The proteins, found in a coral from Australia's northern coast, could be well-suited for use in gels or sexual lubricants to provide a potent barrier against HIV infection, potentially filling a pressing need for a female-applied anti-HIV microbicide that doesn't rely on a man's willingness to use a condom. |
| Microfluidic technology reveals potential biomarker for early pancreatic cancer Posted: 29 Apr 2014 06:25 AM PDT The detection of pancreas cells in the blood may be an early sign of cancer, new research demonstrates. The findings suggest that circulating pancreas cells (CPCs) seed the bloodstream before tumors can be detected using current clinical tests such as CT and MRI scans, and that the detection of pancreas cells in the blood may be an early sign of cancer. |
| Submarine: 'Virtual periscope' sees above-surface/airborne objects from underwater view Posted: 29 Apr 2014 06:25 AM PDT Researchers have developed an underwater imaging system that allows submariners to view objects above the water's surface - without a periscope. The unique technology gets around the inevitable distortion caused by the water-surface waves when using a submerged camera because of the sharp refractive differences between water and air, random waves at the interface present distortions that are worse than the distortion atmospheric turbulence creates for astronomers peering into space. |
| When harm done can never be balanced: Vicarious revenge and the death of Osama bin Laden Posted: 29 Apr 2014 05:56 AM PDT Friday will mark the third anniversary of Osama bin Laden's assassination, a day when President Barack Obama famously stated 'Justice has been done.' But has it? A new study has questioned whether this instance of vicarious revenge led to feelings of satisfaction and reestablished justice within the American public, including whether bin Laden's assassination ignited craving for more revenge. |
| Overlap in genes altered in schizophrenia, autism, intellectual disability Posted: 29 Apr 2014 05:56 AM PDT New evidence supporting the theory that in at least some cases of schizophrenia, autism and intellectual disability, malfunctions in some of the same genes are contributing to pathology has been released. Schizophrenia is thought to be caused in many instances by gene mutations passed from parents to children, the effects of which may be enhanced by adverse environmental factors. In contrast, de novo mutations, or DNMs, are gene defects in offspring that neither parent possesses. Researchers used these differences as their focus in the new study. |
| Low cholesterol in immune cells tied to slow progression of HIV Posted: 29 Apr 2014 05:55 AM PDT People infected with HIV whose immune cells have low cholesterol levels experience much slower disease progression, even without medication, according research that could lead to new strategies to control infection. The researchers found that low cholesterol in certain cells, which is likely an inherited trait, affects the ability of the body to transmit the virus to other cells. |
| Diabetes duration, severity associated with brain atrophy Posted: 29 Apr 2014 05:55 AM PDT Type 2 diabetes may be associated with brain degeneration, according to a new multi-center study. The study also found that, contrary to common clinical belief, diabetes may not be directly associated with small vessel ischemic disease, where the brain does not receive enough oxygenated blood. |
| Posted: 29 Apr 2014 05:53 AM PDT An image similar in shape to a Swallow's tail has been identified as a new and accurate test for Parkinson's disease. The image, which depicts the healthy state of a group of cells in the sub-region of the human brain, was singled out using 3T MRI scanning technology – standard equipment in clinical settings today. |
| New fluorescent hybrid material changes color according to direction of light Posted: 29 Apr 2014 05:53 AM PDT Scientists have developed a highly fluorescent hybrid material that changes color depending on the polarization of the light that it is illuminated by. The aim with respect to hybrid materials with one organic component and another inorganic one is to combine the best attributes of each one into a single system. |
| How the koala retrovirus genome evolved Posted: 29 Apr 2014 05:53 AM PDT Retroviruses invaded the genome of koalas with strongly pathological effects: the viruses weaken the immune defense and threaten the viability of the already reduced koala population. Scientists have now applied the technique of hybridization capture to analyze the entire genome of koala retroviruses and used museum samples to monitor its variation across 130 years. |
| Posted: 29 Apr 2014 05:53 AM PDT Transparent conductive films are now an integral part of our everyday lives. Whether in smartphones, tablets, laptops, flat screens or (on a larger scale) in solar cells. Yet they are expensive and complex to manufacture. Now, researchers have succeeded in developing a method of producing such TCO films, as they are known, that is not only cheaper, but also simpler and more environmentally friendly. |
| Posted: 29 Apr 2014 05:52 AM PDT For the first time, research shows that the dampening or suppression of positive emotions plays an important role in the development of postpartum depression. This has implications for the treatment of depressed mothers. The researchers are currently working to develop a treatment method focused specifically on counteracting dampening. Existing methods, such as mindfulness, may also have a positive effect on dampening they say. |
| Urban river pollutants suppress wild bird development Posted: 28 Apr 2014 06:04 PM PDT Hormone disrupting pollutants are affecting the health and development of wild birds nesting along the urban rivers of South Wales, new research shows. Findings reveal that chicks of the Eurasian Dipper -- a river bird that feeds exclusively on insects and fish in upland streams -- are underweight compared to their rural counterparts. Also of concern is that birds nesting in urban rivers have altered hormone levels, and are hatching fewer female chicks than those nesting along rural rivers, which could have negative implications for the population's breeding and survival. |
| Bacteria on the skin: Our invisible companions influence how quickly wounds heal Posted: 28 Apr 2014 06:02 PM PDT A new study suggests microbes living on our skin influence how quickly wounds heal. The findings could lead to new treatments for chronic wounds, which affect 1 in 20 elderly people. We spend our lives covered head-to-toe in a thin veneer of bacteria. But despite a growing appreciation for the valuable roles our resident microbes play in the digestive tract, little is known about the bacteria that reside in and on our skin. |
| Posted: 28 Apr 2014 01:41 PM PDT Girls who are told by a parent, sibling, friend, classmate or teacher that they are too fat at age 10 are more likely to be obese at age 19, a new study by psychologists shows. |
| Pancreatic tumor-induced gene may prove beneficial as a drug marker Posted: 28 Apr 2014 01:36 PM PDT A new mouse model helps scientists better understand the progression of pancreatic cancer and may provide new avenues for the development of therapies, researchers report. Cancer of the pancreas, with a 5% survival rate within five years of diagnosis, is the fourth leading cause of cancer related deaths. The main reason behind such high morbidity is poor early detection capabilities as well as inability of currently employed drugs to alleviate cancer progression. |
| Posted: 28 Apr 2014 01:36 PM PDT Unhealthy lifestyle habits can accelerate the process of senescence (cell death) and the release of damaging substances from dying cells. Researchers for the first time demonstrate that exercise can prevent or delay this fundamental process of aging, and that lifestyle choices do play a major role in cell aging and that exercise may help protect against aging by interfering with cell senescence. |
| Naked mole rats and the secret to longevity Posted: 28 Apr 2014 01:36 PM PDT With lifespans of up to 31 years, naked mole rats live decades longer than would be expected based on their size. By comparison, mice live at most four years. A new study links their remarkable lifespans to high levels of a quality-control protein, offering new insights on age-related diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. |
| Precise brain mapping can improve response to deep brain stimulation in depression Posted: 28 Apr 2014 12:58 PM PDT Precisely defining white matter connections in the brain can help physicians choose optimal target sites for stimulation and significantly improve outcomes in deep brain stimulation for depression, a new study shows. Previous experimental studies have shown that deep brain stimulation (DBS) within the subcallosal cingulate (SCC) white matter of the brain is an effective treatment for many patients with treatment-resistant depression. |
| Oxytocin promotes social behavior in infant rhesus monkeys Posted: 28 Apr 2014 12:58 PM PDT The hormone oxytocin appears to increase social behaviors in newborn rhesus monkeys, according to a study. The findings indicate that oxytocin is a promising candidate for new treatments for developmental disorders affecting social skills and bonding. Oxytocin, a hormone produced by the pituitary gland, is involved in labor and birth and in the production of breast milk. Studies have shown that oxytocin also plays a role in parental bonding, mating, and in social dynamics. |
| Antibodies against deadly emerging disease mers discovered Posted: 28 Apr 2014 12:48 PM PDT Antibodies against the deadly Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) have been discovered that could lead to prevention/treatment for the virus with a 40% mortality rate. Currently there is no vaccine or antiviral treatment for MERS, a severe respiratory disease that was first reported in Saudi Arabia in 2012. |
| Potential drug targets for preeclampsia patients identified Posted: 28 Apr 2014 12:48 PM PDT Preeclampsia patients have an overabundance of molecules that send detrimental signals, researchers have found. They also documented poor health outcomes in babies born to moms with the syndrome. "Preeclampsia is a multifaceted complication found uniquely in the pregnant patient and one that has puzzled scientists for years," says the leader of the study. It affects about 5 percent of expectant moms, usually in the second half of pregnancy. |
| Higher calcium intake may reduce body fat, mitigating genetic risk for diabetes Posted: 28 Apr 2014 12:48 PM PDT Many African-American children do not get the recommended amount of calcium in their diet. A new study shows African American children with a genetic predisposition to diabetes may mitigate their risk by getting more calcium. An estimated 25 million people in the United States have diabetes, or about 1 in 12 people. African Americans are at especially high risk, and the trajectory for the disease is often set in childhood. |
| Posted: 28 Apr 2014 11:33 AM PDT Researchers have discovered a glass-like re-ordering of electron-spin states as manganite crystals recovered from a photo-excited conductor state back to an insulator state. The discovery holds promise for future ultrafast electronic switching and memory devices. |
| Risk of cesarean delivery 12 percent lower with labor induction Posted: 28 Apr 2014 10:40 AM PDT The risk of a cesarean delivery was 12 percent lower in women whose labor was induced compared with women who were managed with a 'wait-and-see' approach (expectant management), according to a research paper. Labor is induced in about 20% of all births for a variety of reasons such as preeclampsia, diabetes, preterm rupture of the membranes, overdue pregnancy and fetal distress. Induction is often thought to be associated with increased risk of cesarean deliveries despite evidence indicating a lower risk. |
| Scientists track ripples in freestanding graphene for first time Posted: 28 Apr 2014 10:37 AM PDT Scientists have tracked the dynamic movement of ripples in freestanding graphene at the atomic level. Freestanding graphene could emerge as a replacement for silicon and other materials in microprocessors and next-generation energy devices, but much remains unknown about its mechanical and thermal properties. |
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